BDI
BDI (baltic dry index- BDI index)Êǵ±Ç°¹ú¼Ê²¨Â޵ĺ£×ÛºÏÔ˷ѵüò³Æ£¬Ê×ÏÈÖªµÀÕâ¸öBIDÖ¸ÊýÊÇÓɲ¨Â޵ĺ£º½½»Ëù·¢²¼µÄ£¬¸ÃÖ¸ÊýÊÇĿǰÊÀ½çÉϺâÁ¿¹ú¼Êº£ÔËÇé¿öµÄȨÍþÖ¸Êý£¬ÊÇ·´Ó³¹ú¼Ê¼äóÒ×Çé¿öµÄÁìÏÈÖ¸Êý¡£²¨Â޵ĺ£º½½»ËùÊÇÊÀ½çµÚÒ»¸öÒ²ÊÇÀúÊ·×îÓÆ¾ÃµÄº½ÔËÊг¡¡£1744Äêµ®ÉúÓÚÃÀ¹ú·ð¼ªÄáÑDz¨Â޵ĺ£¿§·ÈÎÝ£¬Ä¿Ç°ÊÇÉèÔÚÓ¢¹úÂ׶صÄÊÀ½çÖøÃûµÄº½Ô˽»Ò×Ëù£¬È«Çò46¸ö¹ú¼ÒµÄ656¼Ò¹«Ë¾¶¼ÊDz¨Â޵ĺ£º½½»ËùµÄ»áÔ±¡£ÎªÁËÂú×ã¿Í»§µÄÐèÒª£¬²¨Â޵غ£º½½»ËùÓÚ1985Ä꿪ʼ·¢²¼ÈÕÔ˼ÛÖ¸Êý-BFI£¬¸ÃÖ¸ÊýÊÇÓÉÈô¸ÉÌõ´«Í³µÄ¸ÉÉ¢»õ´¬º½ÏßµÄÔ˼ۣ¬°´ÕÕ¸÷×ÔÔÚº½ÔËÊг¡ÉϵÄÖØÒª³Ì¶ÈºÍËùÕ¼±ÈÖØ¹¹³ÉµÄ×ÛºÏÐÔÖ¸Êý¡£1999Ä꣬¹ú¼Ê²¨Â޵ĺ£×ÛºÏÔË·ÑÖ¸Êý£¨BDI index£©È¡´úÁËBFI£¬³ÉΪ´ú±í¹ú¼Ê¸ÉÉ¢»õÔËÊäÊг¡×ßÊÆµÄÇçÓê±í¡£
¡¡ Èç¹û¸ÃÖ¸Êý³öÏÖÏÔÖøµÄÉÏÑ˵Ã÷¸÷¹ú¾¼ÃÇé¿öÁ¼ºÃ£¬¹ú¼Ê¼äµÄóÒ×»ðÈÈ¡£Ç°¼¸ÄêÓÉÓÚÖйúµÄ¾¼Ã¿ìËÙ·¢Õ¹Ò²´ø¶¯ÁËÈ«Çò¾¼ÃµÄ¸´ËÕ£¬È«Çò¶ÔÓÚÔ²ÄÁϵÄÐèÇó´ó´óÔö¼Ó£¬µ¼ÖÂÁ˺£Ô˵ĿìËÙ·±ÈÙ¡£2003Ä꣬BDIÖ¸Êý»¹Ö»Óв»µ½3000µã£¬¶øµ½ÁË2004Ä꣬¸ÃÖ¸Êý¾Í·ÁËÒ»·¬£¬´ïµ½ÁË6000µãÒÔÉÏ£¬Òò´Ë£¬ÖйúºÍÆäËû¹ú¼ÒµÄóÒ×ÒÔ¼°¶ÔÓÚÈ«Çò³õ¼¶Ô²ÄÁϵÄÐèÇóÊǵ¼Ö¹ú¼Êº£Ô˼۸ñÉÏÕǵÄÖ÷ÒªÔÒò¡£¶ø¸ÃÖ¸ÊýÉÏÕǵÄͬʱÎÒÃÇҲȷʵ¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½º£Ô˼۸ñµÄÉÏÕǺÍĿǰÉÌÆ·Êг¡Éϼ¸¸ö´ó×ÚÔÁϵļ۸ñÉÏÕǵÄÇúÏßÊÇÒ»Öµġ£
¡¡ËùÒÔ£¬×÷ΪºÜ¶àÆÚ»õÊг¡µÄÕ½ÂÔͶ×ÊÕßÀ´Ëµ£¬¶ÔÓÚ¸ÃÖ¸ÊýµÄ¹Ø×¢³Ì¶È²»ÑÔ¶øÓ÷¡£ÔÚ½ñÄêºÜ¶à´ó×ÚÉÌÆ·¼Û¸ñÈÔ´¦ÓÚ¸ßλµÄʱºò£¬BDIÈ´ÒѾ±©µø£¬ËµÃ÷ÁËÈ«ÇòÊг¡¶ÔÓÚÔ²ÄÁÏÐèÇóµÄ¼õÈõ£¬¾¼ÃÔö³¤Ò²½«»ØÂä¡£µ±È»ÖйúÈ¥ÄêÒÔÀ´ÊµÐеĺê¹Ûµ÷¿ØÕþ²ßÊǵ¼ÖÂÖйúÐèÇó¼õ»º£¬BDIÊýֵϵøµÄÖØÒªÔÒò¡£¶øÈ«ÇòÐÔ¾¼ÃÔö³¤·Å»ºÒ²ÊǸÃÖ¸Êý±©µøµÄÁíÒ»¸öÒòËØ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬ÉÌÆ·Êг¡´ó×ÚÔ²ÄÁÏÊг¡¼Û¸ñÈ«Ãæ»ØÂäµÄÇé¿öÔ¤¼Æ½«ÔÚ²»¾Ãºó³öÏÖ¡£
²¨Â޵ĺ£Ö¸ÊýÊÇÓɼ¸ÌõÖ÷Òªº½Ïߵļ´ÆÚÔË·Ñ£¨Spot Rate£©¼ÓȨ¼ÆËã¶ø³É£¬·´Ó³µÄÊǼ´ÆÚÊг¡µÄÐÐÇ飬Òò´Ë£¬Ô˷Ѽ۸ñµÄ¸ßµÍ»áÓ°Ïìµ½Ö¸ÊýµÄÕǵø£¬ËùÒÔ£¬¼ÙÉèÏÖÔÚµÄÔÎïÁÏÐèÇóÔö¼Ó£¬±íʾ¸÷¹ú¶Ô»õÂÖÔËÊäµÄÐèÇóÒ²¸ú×ÅÌá¸ß£¬ÔÚ´ËÇé¿öÏ£¬Ô˷ѵÄÕÇ·ùÈç¹û¿ÉÒÔ´ó¹ýÓͼ۳ɱ¾µÄÕÇ·ù£¬µ±È»Æä»ñÀû¾Í¿Éά³Ö¡£ÔÚÕâÖÖǰÌáÏ£¬BDI²¨Â޵ĺ£Ö¸Êý»áÉÏÕÇ£¬ÔËÊä¹ÉµÄ¹É¼ÛÒ²»áÉÏÕÇ£»¼ÙÉèÏÖÔÚÔÎïÁÏÐèÇóÒÀ¾ÉÔö¼Ó£¬µ«»õÂÖ¹©¸øÔö¼Ó¶ø´ò»µÔË·ÑÊг¡£¬´ËʱBDI²¨Â޵ĺ£Ö¸Êý»áϵø£¬µ±È»ÔËÊä¹ÉµÄ¹É¼ÛÒ²»á¸ú×Åϵø£¬ËùÒÔ£¬Ô˷Ѹߵ͵ÄÓ°ÏìÔ¶±ÈÔÎïÁϵÄÕǵø¸üÊÇÓ°Ï캽Ô˹ɻñÀûµÄ¹Ø¼ü¡£
¡¡BDIÖ¸ÊýÒ»ÏòÊÇÉ¢×°ÔÎïÁϵÄÔË·ÑÖ¸Êý£¬É¢×°´¬ÔËÒÔÔËÊä¸Ö²Ä¡¢Ö½½¬¡¢¹ÈÎú¡¢¿óɰ¡¢Á׿óʯ¡¢ÂÁ·¯ÍÁµÈÃñÉúÎï×ʼ°¹¤ÒµÔÁÏΪÖ÷¡£Òò´Ë£¬É¢×°º½ÔËÒµÓªÔË×´¿öÓëÈ«Çò¾¼Ã¾°ÆøÈÙ¿Ý¡¢ÔÎïÁÏÐÐÇé¸ßµÍϢϢÏà¹Ø¡£¹Ê²¨Â޵ĺ£Ö¸Êý¿ÉÊÓΪ¾¼ÃÁìÏÈÖ¸±ê¡£
BDIÖá³Ð(Bearing Distributor Inc)¹«Ë¾ÊDZ±ÃÀ×î´óµÄÖá³Ð¼°¹¤ÒµÁã¼þ·ÖÏúÉÌÖ®Ò»£¬´´Á¢ÓÚ1935Ä꣬¹«Ë¾×ܲ¿ÉèÔÚÃÀ¹ú¿ËÀû·òÀ¼£¬ÓµÓÐ70¶àÄê·þÎñÓÚ¹¤Òµ½çµÄÀúÊ·ºÍ¾Ñ飬ÔÚÊÀ½ç¸÷µØÓÐÒ»°Ù¶à¼Ò·Ö¹«Ë¾¡£±ØµÏ°¬£¨Ìì½ò£©Öá³ÐÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾ÊÇBDIÖá³Ð¹«Ë¾ÔÚÖйúÉèÁ¢µÄ¶À×Ê×Ó¹«Ë¾£¬Ö÷Òª´Óʽø¿ÚÖá³ÐµÈ¹¤ÒµÁ㲿¼þµÄÏúÊÛ¡£±ØµÏ°¬£¨Ìì½ò£©Öá³ÐÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾Ö÷ÒªÖÂÁ¦ÓÚÖá³ÐµÈ´«¶¯²úÆ·µÄÍÆ¹ãºÍÏúÊÛ¡£¶àÄêÀ´ÓëµÂ¹úFAG½ø¿ÚÖá³Ð¡¢µÂ¹úINA½ø¿ÚÖá³Ð£¬ÃÀ¹úTIMKEN½ø¿ÚÖá³Ð¡¢ÈÕ±¾NSK½ø¿ÚÖá³Ð¡¢ÈðµäSKF½ø¿ÚÖá³Ð¡¢ÈÕ±¾NTN½ø¿ÚÖá³Ð¡¢ÃÀ¹úDODGE½ø¿ÚÖá³Ð¡¢Ó¢¹úCOOPER½ø¿ÚÖá³Ð£¬µÂ¹úOPTIBELT½ø¿Ú¹¤ÒµÆ¤´øµÈ¶à¼Ò¹«Ë¾±£³Ö×ÅÁ¼ºÃµÄºÏ×÷»ï°é¹ØÏµ£¬ÖÂÁ¦ÓÚ¹¹½¨Ò»Õ¾Ê½½ø¿ÚÖá³Ð½â¾ö·½°¸ºÍÖá³ÐÍøÂç¡£²»ÂÛ½ø¿ÚÖá³Ð»¹ÊÇ»úе´«¶¯¼þ£¬²»ÂÛ²úÆ·Åä¼þ»¹ÊÇÉ豸±¸¼þ£¬BDI¹«Ë¾¶¼ÒÔÏúÊÛ¸ßÖÊÁ¿µÄ²úÆ·£¬ÓÅÁ¼µÄ·þÎñºÍ¼°Ê±µÄ¹©»õÄÜÁ¦¶ø»ñµÃ¹¤Òµ½çµÄºÃÆÀ¡£